The Earth’s protective Ozone Layer is expected to return to levels seen in the 1980s by the middle of this century. The World Meteorological Organization (WMO) reported that the Antarctic ozone hole in 2024 is smaller than in recent years.
The WMO Ozone Bulletin 2024 mentioned that lower ozone depletion this year is partly due to natural atmospheric conditions, but it emphasized that the long-term improvement shows the success of global efforts.
Ozone Layer on healing journey
The bulletin was published on World Ozone Day are coinciding with the 40th anniversary of the Vienna Convention. It set the groundwork for international collaboration on ozone protection. UN Secretary-General Antonio Guterres said, “Forty years ago, countries came together to take the first step in protecting the ozone layer, guided by science, united in action.”
He added, “The Vienna Convention and its Montreal Protocol became a landmark of multilateral success. Today, the ozone layer is healing. This achievement reminds us that when nations listen to scientific warnings, progress is possible.”
99% of harmful substances removed from layer, recovered by Mid century
The Montreal Protocol has already eliminated over 99 % of controlled substances that harm the Ozone Layer. These substances were once commonly used in refrigeration, air conditioning, firefighting foam, and hairspray. As a result, the ozone layer expected to recover to 1980s levels by mid-century, which will lower the risks of skin cancer, cataracts, and damage to ecosystems, according to the WMO bulletin.
“The theme for World Ozone Day is From Science to Global Action. It reflects WMO’s 75th anniversary slogan, Science for Action. This is no coincidence,” said WMO Secretary-General Celeste Saulo.
Matt Tully, Chair of WMO’s Scientific Advisory Group on Ozone and Solar UV Radiation, noted, “Despite the great success of the Montreal Protocol over the years, our work is not finished. We still need to carefully and systematically monitor both stratospheric ozone and ozone-depleting substances along with replacements.”
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